MacOS bootable USB drive from Terminal

Step 1: Define USB drive

➜  ~ diskutil list

In my example disk4 is a USB stick:

➜  ~ diskutil list
/dev/disk0 (internal, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *1.0 TB     disk0
   1:             Apple_APFS_ISC Container disk1         524.3 MB   disk0s1
   2:                 Apple_APFS Container disk3         994.7 GB   disk0s2
   3:        Apple_APFS_Recovery Container disk2         5.4 GB     disk0s3

/dev/disk3 (synthesized):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      APFS Container Scheme -                      +994.7 GB   disk3
                                 Physical Store disk0s2
   1:                APFS Volume Macintosh HD            10.7 GB    disk3s1
   2:              APFS Snapshot com.apple.os.update-... 10.7 GB    disk3s1s1
   3:                APFS Volume Preboot                 6.6 GB     disk3s2
   4:                APFS Volume Recovery                972.5 MB   disk3s3
   5:                APFS Volume Data                    249.2 GB   disk3s5
   6:                APFS Volume VM                      20.5 KB    disk3s6

/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *61.9 GB    disk4
   1:                        EFI EFISYS                  34.1 MB    disk4s1
   2: 83BD6B9D-7F41-11DC-BE0B-001560B84F0F               62.5 KB    disk4s2
   3:               FreeBSD Swap                         524.3 KB   disk4s3
   4:                FreeBSD UFS                         2.6 GB     disk4s4
                    (free space)                         59.3 GB    -

Step 2: Unmount USB drive

➜  ~ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk4
Unmount of all volumes on disk4 was successful

Step 3: Copy ISO-image to USB drive

sudo dd if=/PFAD/DATEI.iso of=/dev/disk4 bs=1m

My example:

➜  ~ sudo dd if=Downloads/proxmox-ve_8.2-2.iso of=/dev/disk4 bs=1m

Wait till copy is completed:

➜  ~ sudo dd if=Downloads/proxmox-ve_8.2-2.iso of=/dev/disk4 bs=1m
Password:
1332+1 records in
1332+1 records out
1396899840 bytes transferred in 180.363259 secs (7744925 bytes/sec)

Optional Step: How to copy zip archive to the USB drive:

sudo bzip2 -dc Downloads/OPNsense-24.7-serial-amd64.img.bz2  | sudo dd of=/dev/disk4 bs=1m

Step 4: Eject USB drive

➜  ~ diskutil eject /dev/disk4
Disk /dev/disk4 ejected

Now you are good to use your bootable USB drive.